Kua tuku iho

Tae atu ki ēnei tau tata nei, he rautaki a te kāwana kia whakawarewaretia āna ake mahi tūkino ki a ngāi Māori. He aha ngā whakaaro o ngā kura Māori e hāngai ana ki te whakaakoranga o ngā kōrero tuku iho me ngā hītori o Niu Tīreni?

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He korōria ki te atua, he maungarongo ki runga i te mata o te whenua, he whakaaro pai ki ngā tāngata katoa.

Tēnei ka mihi ake ki ngā mate huhua o te wa, ki ngā pohoi toroa kua rehua e te kohu, whakangaro atu rā, i runga i te tangi o te mapu o Papatūānuku ki a Ranginui, haere haere haere. Rātou ki a rātou, tātou ki a tātou, tihe i mauri ora.

Ki a tātou te hunga ora, ngā urupā o rātou mā, ki a tātou e aroha ana i ngā tamariki kei roto i ngā kura o Niu Tīreni, maranga mai. Ko tātou a Ngāi Māori, he iwi anga whakamuri. Ko tātou ngā uri o te Pō, o te Kore, ngā mata ora o ngā tūpuna, ngā whakatinanatanga o ngā kōrero tuku iho kei te ao mārama. Kei whea ēnei kōrero tuku iho e takoto ana? Kei roto i ngā karakia, kei roto i ngā mōteatea, kei roto i ngā haka, kei roto i ngā karanga, kei roto i ngā whaikōrero, kei roto i ngā whakataukī, ā, kei roto i ā tātou kupu Māori o ia te rā, o ia te rā.

Nā te kāwana te ture o te Native Schools Act (1867) kia haere ngā tamariki katoa o Niu Tīreni ki tētehi kura, ā, kia kōrerotia te reo Pākehā anahe, arā kia whakapākehātia ngā mea Māori1. Koia te whakaaro nui, nā runga anō i te whakaaro o te tāmitanga, me mate te tangata whenua ka tika. Me tāhae ōna whenua kia mirakatia, kia whakapautia tōna haumako e te kaiponu, ana te hinu heu o te British Empire. Koinā te whakapapa o ngā ‘schools’ o Niu Tīreni. E ai ki te Pākehā o ēnei rā, koirā te whakaaro o ngā tūpuna, ehara rawa i tō rātou whakapono. Heoi anō, kei warewaretia e te Pākehā, kei reira tonu te rau o te patu kei roto i te whakapapa, ā, kua tukua iho, e ora tonu ana kei roto i te kāwana me ōna pūnaha katoa.

He rautaki o te tāmitanga tē wareware. Mēhemea e anga whakamuri, ka kitea ngā hara o ngā tūpuna, otirā, ngā hē o te kāwana, waihoki, te turakanga o te Tiriti o Waitangi. Nā, kua pēhia te hara nei, kei roto i te whenua, kei roto i te tinana, kei roto i te wairua o tēnā o tēnā o tātou. Ka puta mai hei mate-ā-hinengaro, ā-tinana, ā-whenua. Me maumahara kia whai oranga te Māori me te Pākehā. Kua tohua e te kāwana kia whakaakoria te hītori o te tāmitanga ki Aotearoa ki roto i ngā kura auraki, hei te tau 2023 tīmata ai. Kāti rā, e ora ki te ako, e ako ki te ora2, kāre kau he hopohopo o tōku ngākau kia whakaputa i ēnei kōrero kia whai rongoā tātou katoa.

Kia whai mātaurānga e hāngai ana ki te pēhea o te tuku i ngā kōrero tuku iho a te Māori, me ngā kōrero o te tāmitanga ki Niu Tīreni, i tukuna taku manu kia rere ki ngā rohe rerekē o Te Ika a Maui kia whakarongo ki ngā kōrero a ngā pouako me ngā tumuaki o ētehi kura Māori.


Ka topa taku manu ki te kōtihitihi o tōku maunga a Tararua, ka rere whakararo ki te tauihu o tōku waka a Tainui, i runga i ngā wai riporipo o tōku awa a Ōtaki, pakipaki aku parirau, titiro whakawaho ko Te Kura o Ōtaki e hora ake nei.

I runga i te whakahau a te Karauna kia whakatūria he ‘school’ reo Pākeha anahe, i whakatōkia mai a Ōtaki School i mua i 1880. Heoi anō, i ēnei wā, e toru ngā arā ka taea te whīkoi atu. He ara rumaki reo, ara reo rua, me he ara reo Pākehā. Ko ngā ringa takoha o te rautaki-āiwi a Whakatupuranga Rua Mano3 te pūtake o te whakatū o ngā ara reo Māori. Mai i te tau 1987 i tīmata he whakaritenga mō ngā tamariki i puta mai i ngā Kōhanga Reo, tae noa atu ki te wā i tū Te Korowai Whakamana, te whare rumaki reo, i te tau 19964.

E tū ana a Rauru Walker hei tumuaki Māori tuatahi mō tēnei kura mai i te tau 2020. He uri ia o Ngāti Porou, o Te Whānau o Ruataupare ki Tūpāroa anō hoki.

He aha ētehi o āna mahi hei whakakaha i te tukuihotanga o ngā kōrero ake o Ngāti Raukawa? Ko te mahi tuatahi ia, kia huri tahi ngā ihu o ngā waka e toru, kia rere tahi ai ki a Rangiātea, ahakoa te nui o te reo Māori hei reo kawe. Me pēwheatia tērā? Mā te whanaungatanga ki waenga i ngā kaimahi katoa, ā, ki waenga i ngā kaimahi me ngā marae o te whenua huhua o Ōtaki. Nā whai anō, mai i 2020, kua tū ngā noho e rua mō ngā pouako katoa5.

Ko te mahi tuarua ia, kia akiaki i ngā whānau Māori o roto i te ara reo Pākehā, kia tāraia ō rātou tamariki arero e te toki o te reo. Ko te reo te mauri o te mana Māori, ko te reo te iho o te mātauranga Māori. I runga anō i te mōhio, 86% o te kura he whānau Māori6

Tokorua ngā pouako nō Ngāti Raukawa e mahi ana ki Te Kura o Ōtaki. Ko Janeen Marino tētehi o ēnei, a, kua whakaako ia ki reira mō ngā tau 15. Nāna anō ngā haerenga me ngā kaikōrero i whakarite mō ngā kaupapa here o Raukawa ake i roto i ngā tau. Ko tā Rauru “he taonga ia ki a mātou, kāore e kore, mō ngā hītori, me ngā kaupapa me ngā whakaaro o tēnei rohe.” Ā, he mea nui tēnā ki te Māori, waiho kia kōrerotia e te tangata whenua tōna whare kōrero.

Tēnei taku manu e mihi ana ki te whakaaro nui o ngā kaumātua kia whakatū i te rautaki-ā-iwi o Whakatupuranga Rua Mana. Kua ūwhia tēnā ki runga i Te Kura o Ōtaki hei korowai whakamana i ngā tamariki mokopuna o te rohe nei. Ā, me tika kia mihia ngā wai o Waiapu awa mō tō rere tahi ki a mātou, ā, kia hāpai koe i te hōhonutanga o ngā puna mātauranga i te rohe nei7.  


Pakipaki parirau, ka huri atu rā taku manu ki taku puke tapu a Mūtikotiko, ka tirikohu tītaha iho nei ki a Rangiātea, kia rarau ai ki te whenua mōmona o Whakatupuranga Rua Mano, ki Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Te Rito e takoto i raro iho nei e.

I tīmata tēnei kura tekau tau whai muri i te orokohanga mai o Te Wānanga o Raukawa. I tupu mai te kura nei kia whai wāhi ngā nohinohi o Te Kōhanga Reo o Te Kākano8. I tīmata ki te marae o Katihiku, kātahi rā ka hūnuki ki ētehi rūma ki Te Wānanga o Raukawa, ā, i te mutunga iho i whakatūria te kura nei hei kura motuhake ki te Tiriti o Te Rauparaha ki Ōtaki i te tau 1991.

“He kura Aho Matua, he kura e ora rawa ana mā ngā mahi a ngā tūpuna” tā Hinewā Taurima kōrero. He raukura a Hinewā (Ngāti Raukawa, Ngāti Toa Rangatira, Ngāti Whātua ki Ōrakei, Ngāi Tahu), he pouako anō hoki ia ki reira mō ngā tau e ono, kei roto i ngā akomanga tau 0-4. “Ki tā mātou kura, mai i te wā ka tīmata koe, rima tau, ka rongo, ka ako mātou i ngā kōrero tuku iho o ō mātou tūpuna. Mā ngā moteatea, mā ngā karakia, mā ngā haka, aua mea katoa.”

He maha ngā kaupapa hōhonu, taumaha hoki ka puta mai i ngā mōteatea. Ā, ka ākona pū e ngā tamariki katoa ngā horopaki, ngā pūrākau, ngā pakanga me ngā tūpuna o roto. Me pēhea te whakahaumaru i ngā tamariki? “Ko tāku pea, ka ngana au te hoatu tonu i ngā kōrero pono, engari kia kaua e whakamataku … Ka mōhio te pouako ki āna tamariki, me ngā momo tamariki he aha ngā kōrero mō ngā kaupapa ako katoa, i pai, kāore i te tino pai rānei … Ehara i te mea kua ruku hōhonu rawa … Ko te āhua o te tuku o ngā kōrero.” Koia nei te ātaahua o tēnei kura, ka iti ake ngā nama o ngā ākonga o ia akomanga, ā, he māmā ake kia āta mātakitaki i ngā āhuatanga e puta ana i ngā tamariki. Mēnā ka puta mai he pātai, ka taea e Hinewā te whakautu, te tuku rānei i te pātai ki ngā mātua.

Heoi anō, ki tā Hinewā wheako, mēna ka rumakina ngā tamariki ki ngā hītori-ā-iwi i ngā wā katoa, kāore rātou e tino mataku. “Me kōrerotia, kaua e waiho mō tētahi marau ako ia Rāpare … me puta mai i ngā wā katoa, ka taea te hoatu kei roto i ngā marau katoa o ia rā. Me tīmata mai i te wā rima tau, kaua e tatari kia tae atu ki te wharekura”.

“Ki tā mātou kura, mai i te wā ka tīmata koe, rima tau, ka rongo, ka ako mātou i ngā kōrero tuku iho o ō mātou tūpuna.”

Ko ētehi o ngā aronga i puta mai i ngā tau, ko ngā hekenga o Ngāti Raukawa, Toa Rangatira me Te Āti Awa. Ā, te akoranga matua mō ngā pēpi ko te āhua o aua rā. “Kāore rātou i mōhio, kāre kau he hiko, kāore kau he waka, me hīkoi rātou mā te whenua, kāore rātou i taraiwa mai, me te roa o taua hīkoinga mai”.

He aha ētehi o ngā hua o tēnei momo ako? “Ka mōhio koe ko wai koe, nō whea koe … ngā hononga i waenganui i a koe me ētehi atu. Ka tupu hoki tērā whanaungatanga … he pakaritanga i roto i te mōhio … ko wai hoki ōku tūpuna, me te mōhio he aha ngā mahi mīharo kua mahi rātou, me te mōhio, you know, geez, mēnā ka taea e rātou, ka taea hoki au … Whāia tēnei ara nā rātou i tīmata. He mea pana, pana ki ahau kia haere tonu.”

Auē te reka o te kakara o Tutunui! He nanamuā te kai o tēnei kura, ā, ka puta-ā-pito te puku o ia ākonga ki konā te hora o te mōkarakara o te mātauranga-ā-iwi.


Ka hārewa taku manu i runga i te au kaha o te hau kia tae atu rā ki ngā au pōkarekare o Rotorua, ki te tīehu o ngā wai ki te mata o te waka a Te Arawa.

Kua whakatūria Te Kura o Pukeroa Oruawhata, arā, Rotorua Primary School, kei te whenua o Te Wharau o Tahora Whakarua. I te tau 1886, i runga i te ture Native Schools, nā Rotohiko Haupapa o Ngāti Whakaue9 tēnei whenua i tuku hei whakatū kura.  

I tīmata a Matua Fred Whata hei tumuaki ki Te Kura o Pukeroa Oruawhata i te tau 2019. I ēnei wā he haurua o te kura e akona ana mā te reo, tērā atu haurua, mā te reo Pākehā.

Te tumuaki o Te Kura o Pukeroa Oruawhata, ko Fred Whata.

Te nuinga o ēnei pia, nō Te Arawa. Mā hea e tupu ai te kura? Mā te whakapono nui o ngā kaimahi katoa rā ki te pai o te whakararau i ngā pakiaka o ērā mahuri ki te oneone o Ngāti Whakaue. Anei ētehi o ngā kaupapa here kua whārikihia ki Pukeroa Orouawhata i te tau 2020 me 2021: tāmoko, Matariki, rongoā, te taiao, Ōhinemutu, Ngongotahā maunga, Ngā koro matua tokoono o Ngāti Whakaue, Ihenga, Tama Te Kapua10. Mō ia kaupapa ka ākona ngā mahi a ngā tūpuna i ngā wā o mua me ngā hononga ki te kaupapa i ēnei rā tonu. Ā, ka puta atu ki te taiao kia kite-ā-whatu, kia rongo-ā-tinana. Ka kaha hono ēnei kaupapa ki te hapori o Rotorua. Hei tauira, kua āwhinatia te kaunihera e rātou kia hoahoa i te “Lake Front Development”.

“We are preparing our students for the future without ever forgetting who they are, where they have come from.”

Mā te āporo tēnei kura e puāwai ai. Mā te aha? Mā ngā papahiko Apple? Āe! “Last year in term 4 we were named as the latest Apple Distinguished School in NZ. We are in the process of putting together an innovation learning centre, with a number of providers in the technology space so that our students and the wider community of Rotorua schools, and others regionally and nationwide can take advantage of that.”

I ngā wā o mua, he auaha rawa, he rakahinonga ō mātou tūpuna. Nā te kāwana i whawhai kia aukati i ngā pakihi a te Māori, nā whai anō, i whakaputaina te tini me te mano o ngā ture hei penu i a tātou. Koia kei a rātou o te kura nei ki te whakaako i ngā pūkenga rakahinonga: Whakaaro whakawāwā, Auahatanga, Mahi Ngātahi, me te Whakakōrero (Critical thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, Communication). E rima noa ngā ture o te kura, ko tētehi: me menemene, ko tētehi atu: me akiaki i ngā tāngata tokowhā ia te rā. Mā ēnā, “We are trying to give Māori an opportunity to not be a statistic. By preparing our students for the future to prepare career pathways for themselves without ever forgetting who they are, where they have come from.”

He rautaki koi te whakarite he wāhi hari, he wāhi kia eke panuku, kia eke Tangaroa. He whanonga aroha tēnei kia whakarite horopaki kia tū rakahinonga, harikoa hoki ā tātou tamariki Māori i roto i te kura, waihoki, i te ao hurihuri.

Te pouako reo rumaki ki Te Kura o Pukeroa Oruawhata, ko Whaea Mere Simpson.
E whai ana ngā tauira o Te Kura o Pukeroa Oruawhata i ngā pūkenga auaha, rakahinonga hoki, pērā i ngā tūpuna.

E mihi ana taku manu ki te uri o Uenukukōpako, me āna mahi hei whakapuāwai i ngā puapua pūwhero o Te Arawa māngai nui tū takitaki ana.


Ka huri atu rā ki te taitonga, ka topa atu ki te maunga tupuna a Pūtauaki, ka ripia ki runga i te mata o Te Wai Atua ko Tarawera, e rere nei te mana o Ngāti Tūwharetoa, o Ngāti Awa, me te haumi a Ngāi Tūhoe. Titiro iho rā, ko wai tērā whare e tū ana ki rāro i te maru o te tini o Kawerau? Ko te Kura-ā-Iwi o Te Whata Tau o Pūtauaki.

Tītia ngā akoranga ki ngā rākau a ngā tamariki, hei hiringa pai huahua, hei hokinga huarahi mā rātou.

E ai ki a Makarita Hunia (Ngāti Awa, Te Aupōuri, Ngāti Pikiao), kaiako ki te kura nei mai i tōna orokohanga i te tau 2012: “e ngākaunui ana ahau ki tēnei kaupapa ko Te Pūtake o Te Riri, ko au tētahi o ngā mema o te komiti whakahaere mō te hui whakanui, whakamaumahara i te pakanga o Te Kupenga a Taramainuku11. Ka tū ngā rā whakamaumahara o Te Pūtake o Te Riri ki ngā rohe rerekē ia tau. I roto i ngā tau e rima, i haere te kura tuakana (tau 5-13) ki Taranaki, ki Te Tai Tokerau, ako i ngā haka, mōteatea me ngā karakia o ērā iwi e hāngai ana ki ngā pakanga nui.

Ka whāngaia e ngā pouako ngā pūkenga o te rangahau kia ruku hōhonu ngā ākonga, ā, kia hanga pakirehua rātou. Kua kitea ngā hua nā te mea ka tīmata ngā rangatahi ki te whai hononga i waenga i tō rātou ao o inaianei me te whakaaweawe o te raupatu o ō rātou iwi.

E ai ki ētehi, he taupā nui te whakaako i ngā pakanga i waenga i te kāwana me te Māori, kei puta mai te pukuriri ki a Ngāi Pākehā. He aha tā ngā pouako o Te Whata Tau o Pūtauaki i kite ai?

Kaareen Hotereni: “I ngā wā ka rangona te kaikiri … ka maumahara rātou ki ngā akoranga kei rō kura, ā, ka mōhio rātou me pēhea te whakautu i ngā whakaaro me ngā mahi tūkino pērā.” Ā, i runga i te tautoko a ngā māhita, ka taea e rātou te whai huarahi whakatika, arā kia anga whakamua.

“Kaua e mataku … Me whakarongo nē … Rapuhia. Kaua e noho kei roto i tō kūaretanga … Kia māia.”

E ai ki ēnei pouako, mēnā kāore ngā tamariki i ako i ngā hītori o te tāmitanga ki roto i ō rātou rohe, kāore e taea te pēhea, ka pā tūkino tērā āhua ki a rātou nā te mea kāore rātou e tū pakari i roto i tō rātou tuakiritanga.

Te Rangihaeata Hare (Ngāi Tūhoe, Mataatua waka): “Tōia mai a nanahi nei, hei akoranga mō nāianei, whakatōhia te tauira. Ki te hoki koe 20 tau pea ki muri kāore wērā hītori i akohia ki ngā tamariki o aua rā, koinei te ātaahua ki te whakaako i ngā tamariki i ēnei rā. He akoranga kei roto i ērā, ko te rapu i tētahi huarahi hei anga whakamua ki roto i te ao hurihuri. Pakeke ratou tū rātou ki ō rātou marae, koirā te whāinga nui, … kei a rātou tēnei puna mātauranga e kawe ana … i roto i te motu whānui.” Whaowhia ngā kete kia kī pohapoha, nā wai rā, ā te wā kua pakeke, ka whiriwhiria ngā māramatanga tika mō ngā horopaki rerekē. Otirā, ka tū rātou hei raukura mō te iwi.

He aha tā rātou e kōrerotia nei ki ngā kura auraki, he iti te puna mātauranga Māori? Makarita: “haere ki te marae o tō wāhi, haere ki te rūnanga… haere ki te whakarongo tuatahi.”

E ai ki a Whaea Kaareen, ahakoa he rerekē ngā kōrero o ia marae, o ngā kaumatua, koira te ātaahua o te mātauranga Māori, he pono te katoa: “kaua e mataku … Me whakarongo nē … Rapuhia. Kaua e noho kei roto i tō kūaretanga … Kia māia.”


E kore te puna aroha e mimiti ki ēnei huia tū rae nō te Waonui o Mataatua waka. Kātahi te tauira ki a tātou, ko tēnei. Koia kei a koutou, kāore āku kupu kia mihia koutou. Ka tuku taku manu ki runga i tā rātou kōrero rangatira kia mihi ake ki a koutou katoa ngā pouako o Niu Tīreni. Maranga mai! Tū pakari mai! Mā te ako ka whakatikaina te hara o te kāwana kua noho ngū mō ngā tau 180. Mā ngā tamariki ohooho ngā hara nui e whakatika. Ko tā rātou, hei whai i te ara a Tāwhaki, kia ora ai ngā kākano i ruia mai i Rangiātea. E kore tātou e ngaro. Arohaina mai, Arohaina atu, tihe i mauri ora.  


Tohutoro

[1] I te tau 1916 i haere taku tupuna kuia ki Levin Primary school. I reira i patua ia e ngā kaiako nā tōna mōhio ki te reo Māori anahe. I mataku rawa ia, nā whai anō, i tīpakohia e ia, kia kore rawa āna tamariki e akohia te reo Māori me ōna tikanga. Ā, i tata korehāhā mātou. Mā Whakatupuranga Rua Mano kua ora mātou anō.

[2] He whakatauākī nā Pāpā Sean Ogden, Ngāti Tūkorehe, pūkenga ki Te Wānanga o Raukawa.

[3] I tīmata tēnei rāutaki i te tau 1975 ki Ōtaki, nā ngā kuia me ngā koroua o rāukawa, Toarāngatirā me Te Āti Awa i whakatū kia whakarāuora i te reo Māori me ōna tikanga, i ngā marāe, i ngā whānau, hapū me iwi o te rohe o ēnei haumi. He kura te tangata, he taonga te reo, ko te marāe te kainga tuatahi, ko te tinō rāngatirātanga te whāinga.

[4] Otaki Historical Journal, 2004, v.27

[5] I runga i ērā whakaaro o te rere ngātahi, i tū mō te wā tuatahi ngā whānau rerekē e toru, hei whare tapere ki te Civic Theatre ki Ōtaki. I rōreka te tuku mai o ngā mōteatea, haka, patere me waiata ake o Ngāti rāukawa e ēnei manu tīoriori katoa. Tau kē.

[6] 49% nō Ngāti Raukawa

[7] Waihokī, me mihi ka tika ki ngā kaimahi katoa i ngā kura o Aotearoa e hāpai ana i te tukuihotanga o ngā kōrero a te tāngata whenua.

[8] Kei roto i ngā whare o ngā mātua i taua wā.

[9] He rangatira o Ngāti Whakaue ia.

[10] Tūpuna nō Te Arāwa waka.

[11] tētahi pakanga i tu ki Te Teko, kei waenga i te karauna me tētahi o ngā hapū o Mataatua, ko Ngāti Te Rangihouriri, ko Te Taiwhakaripi te ingoa o te tupuna, ā, koirā tētahi o ngā wāhanga whai muri i te Te kōhurutanga o Volkner ki Opotiki.

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